Let’s be real: most people fall in love with houses based on what they see. A fresh coat of paint, shiny new appliances, maybe even some cute staging with throw pillows and wine glasses on the counter.
But under all that charm might be years’ worth of trouble.
I’m talking old insurance claims for flood damage. Shady, unpermitted renovations. Hidden foundation work. Court disputes over ownership. Outstanding property taxes. You name it.
And the kicker? Most of this stuff won’t show up on a standard home inspection. You could move in thinking you got a deal—only to find out the basement leaks every time it rains or that the previous owner DIY’d the electrical wiring… without a license.
Knowing the real story behind a property can save you from a world of regret and a pile of surprise expenses.
What to Look For (That Home Inspections Might Miss)
You should definitely still get a professional inspection. But even the best inspector isn’t a psychic. There are things they just won’t catch if they’re not physically visible or disclosed.
Here’s what you need to dig into yourself:
1. Insurance Claims & Water Damage
Many countries don’t require sellers to disclose past insurance claims. But these are red flags that something serious happened—like mold, flooding, fires, or structural issues.
If you’re in the U.S., for example, the CLUE Report (Comprehensive Loss Underwriting Exchange) contains a home’s insurance claim history. Unfortunately, buyers usually can’t access it directly. You’ll need the seller to request it which most people don’t even know they can do.
2. Unpermitted Renovations & Code Violations
That gorgeous sunroom or extra bathroom might look legit, but was it actually legal?
Unpermitted work can:
- Lower your resale value
- Make your insurance invalid
- Trigger fines or mandatory demolitions
Always check building permits with the local planning department. Many cities offer online databases, but others require in-person visits—or logging in from a local IP, which we’ll get to in a minute.
3. Local Disputes, Tax Debts & Hidden Liens
Is the house part of an ugly family inheritance battle? Is there a lien from unpaid contractors? Did the owner forget to pay municipal taxes for a decade?
That stuff doesn’t go away just because the house gets a new owner. You inherit it—like a bad haircut that cost you $300.
Run a title search. Look into court filings. Ask about property taxes. Don’t assume your realtor has done this legwork—they often don’t.
What to Check Before Buying a Property (And Where to Find It)
What to Check | Where to Look | Why It Matters |
---|---|---|
Past insurance claims | Ask seller for CLUE report (US), local insurers, seller disclosure forms | Reveals past flood, fire, or structural issues |
Renovation permits | Local building/planning department websites or offices | Confirms if major work was legal and up to code |
Code violations | Code enforcement office, municipal databases | Shows fines, safety issues, unresolved complaints |
Ownership history | Property assessor’s website, local title registry | Helps detect quick flips or legal irregularities |
Court disputes or liens | Local court records (civil, probate, bankruptcy), legal databases | Reveals lawsuits, debt, inheritance conflicts |
Unpaid property taxes | Tax assessor or municipality website | Missed payments can delay or block sale |
Neighbor complaints or disputes | Public code complaints, local forums, court records | Signals long-term issues in the area |
Street view history | Google Street View → click clock icon (top left corner) | Spot hidden renovations, neglect, or rapid changes |
Flood zones or natural risks | Government maps (e.g., FEMA, USGS, local planning agencies) | Crucial for insurance and long-term safety |
Local news about the property | Google search: address + keywords (fire, dispute, arrest, damage, lawsuit, etc.) | May reveal events no one discloses voluntarily |
How to Research a Property’s History Like a Pro
It’s not just about what you look for—it’s about where and how you search.
Here’s your cheat sheet:
1. Public Records & Permits
Start with:
- County property assessor websites
- Building and planning departments
- Code enforcement databases
- Tax records
Some countries, like the UK or Australia, have centralized portals. Others (like the U.S., Canada, or Italy) are more fragmented you’ll need to hunt down the local government site based on the exact location.
2. Court Filings & Ownership Disputes
In many places, civil court cases are public records. Run a search of the property’s address and the seller’s name. You might uncover:
- Divorce settlements involving the house
- Bankruptcy filings
- Eviction lawsuits
- Inheritance disputes
Just be prepared to dig. Some sites have weird access rules, or only work locally which brings us to…
3. Street View History & Local News
Google Street View has a timeline function. You can jump back to older versions of the street and see:
- Major changes to the property
- New additions (or removals)
- Neglected conditions like broken fences, tarp-covered roofs, etc.
Also search local news archives. Just type the address into Google with terms like “fire,” “lawsuit,” “collapse,” “disaster,” or “eviction.”
Doing Research from Abroad? Use a VPN
Now here’s something most people forget: Not all records are accessible globally. Some sites only work from IP addresses inside that country.
Let’s say you’re in Germany but buying a home in Florida. You click the county tax site and boom. Blocked. Or worse, it loads, but won’t let you download key PDFs without a U.S. IP.
That’s where a reliable VPN saves the day.
🌍 Bypass Regional Restrictions
By using a VPN like NordVPN, you can switch your virtual location to match the area where the house is located. This helps:
- Access local government databases
- Download public record PDFs
- Use geo-restricted tools (like some title search services)
ExpressVPN and CyberGhost also work great for this—especially if you need multiple location options or faster loading speeds for big file downloads.
🕵️ Stay Private While Researching
Ever looked up a house and suddenly seen targeted ads about mortgages or property investment scams?
Using a VPN helps you stay anonymous while researching, especially if you’re digging into sensitive court cases or financial documents. I’d recommend something like Surfshark or ProtonVPN if privacy is your main concern they’ve got strong no-logs policies and work well even on public Wi-Fi.
My TOP 5 VPN | Offer + Discount | URL |
---|---|---|
NordVPN | 77% off + 3 months free | Try NordVPN |
ExpressVPN | 73% off + 3 months free | Try ExpressVPN |
SurfShark | 87% off + 2 months free | Try SurfShark |
CyberGhost | 83% off + 2 months free | Try CyberGhost |
PIA VPN | 82% off + 2 months free | Try PIA VPN |
Final Tip: Ask Questions No One Else Does
This is where most buyers get lazy or nervous.
It’s not rude to ask direct questions. In fact, it’s smart. Sellers don’t have to volunteer everything, especially in competitive markets, but they do have to answer honestly (and any hesitation is a red flag).
Here are a few underrated questions that can reveal a lot:
- Has this house ever had water intrusion or foundation issues?
- Were any renovations done without permits?
- Have there been any legal disputes involving this property?
- Can you provide receipts for major repairs or upgrades?
You’re not being difficult you’re protecting your future self.
And if you’re not getting straight answers, walk away. There’s always another house.